Once upon a time, a career-focused individual claimed that sleep was for the weak. Unfortunately, people paid heed to this statement and ignored a good night's sleep. Going to bed past midnight and waking up in the wee hours of the morning was the norm - and continues to be so in a post-pandemic world.

Fortunately, in the past few years, studies have highlighted the need for a good night's sleep. Proper sleep, it has been proved, ensures good physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The challenge, however, is getting a good night's sleep.

Recently, ResMed conducted a sleep study where they questioned over 5,000 people from across India. There was good news and bad news. The good news is that most Indians surveyed believed that a good night's sleep was essential to all. 81 per cent of those surveyed believed that a sleep cycle affected their quality of life.

However, that was the only positive that came out of the survey. We realised that Indians take the longest to go to sleep (the average time is around 90 minutes). This can be for a number of reasons, which include stress, screen-time before sleeping, and others. In addition, 59 per cent regarded snoring as a sign of a good night's sleep, which shows the lack of knowledge when it comes to Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)).

Furthermore, 72 per cent of those surveyed attributed a poor sleep cycle to poor emotional well-being. However, despite acknowledging the problem, only 53 per cent have tried to address their sleep problems using devices that can help them.

What is Obstructive Sleep Apnea?

Obstructive Sleep Apnea is a condition where your throat muscles relax and your airway narrows or closes as you breathe in; and the most common symptoms are loud snoring, gasping for air during sleep, a morning headache, difficulty staying asleep, difficulty paying attention when you're awake and irritability.

Obstructive Sleep apnea is recognised by repeated episodes of the temporary blocking of normal breathing, slow or shallow breathing, loud snoring, and excessive daytime sleepiness. It is also categorised into mild, moderate, and severe with mild cases having 5-15 episodes per hour, moderate cases having 15-30 episodes per hour, and severe cases having over 30 cases per hour.

This lack of sleep makes the bodywork more, but also results in an increase in blood sugar levels, further resulting in diabetes. A recent consensus conducted by the Research Society for the Study of Diabetes in India (RSSDI) in 2021 suggested: Studies consistently reported a higher prevalence of OSA in Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) among men than in women

The prevalence of OSA in patients with T2DM among the urban population is higher compared with the rural population The presence and severity of untreated OSA is independently associated with poor glycaemic control in patients with T2DM

While there are varying results on the effect of CPAP therapy on glycaemic control in T2DM patients (owing to the small sample size and lack of control subjects), CPAP continues to be the gold standard and first line of therapy for OSA due to its favourable effects on sleep quality and quantity

Both sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes share one strong risk factor: obesity. Excess weight can lead to type 2 diabetes. It can also narrow the airway in the throat. That triggers sleep apnea. Other factors linked with sleep apnea include:

• Smoking
• Alcohol use
• Nasal congestion
• Hormonal changes during menopause

Diabetes and lifestyle diseases aren't the only problems that arise from OSA. A research paper from Harvard Medical School highlights the relationship between the lack of sleep and mental well-being.

Chronic sleep problems affect 50% to 80% of patients in a typical psychiatric practice, compared with 10% to 18% of adults in the general U.S. population. Sleep problems are particularly common in patients with anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, the report said.

The pandemic and OSA

Insomnia levels have seen a global rise in the past two years. In India alone, there was a 57% increase in people experiencing poor sleep quality. Major factors that led to the pandemic adding to this condition was the anxiety and fear it brought with it - particularly professional anxiety.

Notably, having irregular sleep timings can also impact the circadian rhythm. Besides these, habits like watching TV and using mobile phones just before going to bed also affect the quality of sleep. What's most alarming is the lack of awareness about the disorder and the proper treatment required for it.

In the past couple of years, people have used the work from home environment to focus on their health and well-being. This has included physical activity such as exercise, yoga, and devoting time to themselves. The sale of fitness bands has also gone up during this period. Fitness bands monitor a number of things including heart rate and sleep.

However, according to a report by Johns Hopkins Medical College, sleep trackers do carry a lot of information about your sleep habits, they measure activity as a surrogate for estimating sleep. While this is a ballpark figure, there is a need for a proper sleep measuring kit.

This is why on the occasion of World Sleep Day, ResMed has introduced sleep health products that can help you tackle your sleep-related issues. While this won't be an overnight solution, it will be the path towards a good night's sleep, and in the process better health.

These include eye masks (Silk and Contoured) to block white light, Dreampad - a pillow to induce relaxing sleep, Dodow - a device emitting blue light to help soothe a racing mind, a sound machine that blocks background noises and CPAP Wipes for a fast and easy way to clean CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) masks.