Reynolds WS, et al. - Authors ascertained whether women with overactive bladder (OAB) requiring 3rd line therapy demonstrated greater central sensitization, indexed by temporal summation to heat pain stimuli, vs those with OAB. Compared to women with OAB not undergoing 3rd line therapy, the degree of temporal summation was elevated in women undergoing 3rd line OAB therapy. Pathophysiologic differences, specifically in afferent nerve function and processing, in some women with OAB were seen in the results. On exploratory analyses, factors associated with the significantly greater temporal summation were a history of incontinence surgery or hysterectomy.