Glassman AR, Beaulieu WT, Maguire MG, et al. - Researchers conducted the study for comparing exploratory outcomes between treatment groups that may affect treatment choices for patients with vitreous hemorrhage due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). This post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial carried out at 39 DRCR Retina Network sites involved adults with vision loss due to PDR-related vitreous hemorrhage for whom vitrectomy was considered. In total, 205 eyes were involved in the analysis (115 male [56%] and 90 [44%] female participants; mean [SD] age, 57 [11] years). For PDR-related vitreous hemorrhage, both initial aflibercept and vitrectomy with PRP are viable treatment options. Although there was no significant difference in the primary outcome of mean VA over 24 weeks of follow-up between groups, eyes receiving initial vitrectomy with PRP had faster recovery of vision over 24 weeks when baseline VA was worse than 20/800 and faster vitreous hemorrhage clearance. The alternative treatment was administered to approximately one-third of the eyes in each group (aflibercept or vitrectomy with PRP). These factors may have an impact on treatment decisions for patients starting treatment for PDR-related vitreous hemorrhage.