Bhupathiraju S, et al. - Researchers examined how vaginal estrogen use is correlated to multiple health outcomes including cardiovascular disease (total myocardial infarction, stroke, and pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis), cancer (total invasive, breast, endometrial, ovarian, and colorectal cancer), and hip fracture. From the Nurses’ Health Study (1982-2012), postmenopausal women who were not current users of systemic hormone therapy at the start of the study or during follow-up self-reported on vaginal estrogen use on the biennial questionnaires. Over 18 years of follow-up, users and nonusers of vaginal estrogen showed no differences in risks for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and hip fracture following adjustments for covariates. Findings thereby establish the safety of using vaginal estrogen, a highly effective treatment for genitourinary syndrome of menopause.