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Using a meta-cognitive wisconsin card sorting test to measure introspective accuracy and biases in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Journal of Psychiatric Research Jun 16, 2021

Tercero BA, Perez MM, Mohsin N, et al. - As self evaluation is challenging among people with schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) with respect to their cognitive and functional performance (introspective accuracy) as well as these people manifest response biases, with tendencies toward overestimation, researchers herein evaluated objective test performance, momentary judgments of performance, momentary confidence, and subsequent global judgments of performance on a metacognitive version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Ninety-nine participants with SCZ and 67 with BD were included as study samples. After each of the 64 WCST trials, participants were asked to report if they believed their sort was correct and how confident they were in that judgment, they then received performance feedback. Following completion of the whole task, participants developed a global performance judgment. Analysis revealed that in participants with BD, confidence is associated with task performance, whereas in SCZ, confidence was entirely correlated with self-generated performance judgments. SCZ participants manifested challenges with utilization of feedback. For BD participants, task performance and confidence were predictive of global judgments of performance, with performance and confidence judgments occurring prior to generation of the global performance judgments.

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