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Use of dexmedetomidine and opioids as the primary anesthetic in infants and young children: A retrospective cohort study

Paediatric Anaesthesia Jun 11, 2020

Efune PN, Longanecker JM, Alex G, et al. - Given anesthetic regimens comprising dexmedetomidine and short acting opioids are proposed as potential alternatives to sevoflurane‐based anesthesia in children, researchers compared demographics, intraoperative features, as well as complications of general anesthetics wherein dexmedetomidine and opioids were used without sevoflurane, or in combination with a low sevoflurane concentration, among children 36 months old and younger. Additionally, they assessed intraoperative bispectral index values when available in these patients. They identified general anesthetics performed in children 2 years and younger who were administered dexmedetomidine and remifentanil, with or without sevoflurane. Receipt of more remifentanil, more dexmedetomidine, and a higher mean arterial pressure, all were reported in the non‐sevoflurane group vs the sevoflurane group. Overall, experts concluded that it is possible to effectively use dexmedetomidine and opioids in young children as an alternative total intravenous anesthesia technique with or without < 1 minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane. A likely sufficient depth of hypnosis was indicated by bispectral index monitoring.

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