Ana Lilia GH, et al. - In patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), authors assessed the expression of proteins related to activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. They also determined whether or not the exacerbated periodontal pathological process observed in diabetic patients is related to its upregulation. An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was performed in three study groups: individuals systemically and orally healthy, and patients with CP with and without T2D. In patients with periodontitis and uncontrolled T2D, genes and proteins involved in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome components were upregulated. This implies a possible role in the more severe pathological processes leading to a destruction of periodontal tissues observed in these patients.