Lee Y, Okuda Y, Sy J, et al. - Researchers undertook this retrospective cohort analysis to determine how the decline of residual kidney function (RKF) in patients receiving conventional hemodialysis (HD) could be affected by ultrafiltration rate (UFR). This study included 7,753 patients who started conventional HD from 2007 to 2011 and survived the first year of dialysis. These patients had baseline UFR and renal urea clearance (KRU) data at baseline and 1 year (5th patient-quarter). Average UFR at the 1st patient-quarter from dialysis start (< 4, 4 to < 6, 6 to < 9, 9 to < 13, and ≥ 13 mL/h/kg) was the primary exposure. The mean baseline UFR and median (interquartile range) baseline KRU in this HD cohort were 7.0 ± 3.1 mL/h/kg and 3.5 (2.1–5.3) mL/min/1.73 m², respectively. In this study, a speedy decline in RKF was evident in relation to higher UFR in conventional HD patients.