Widmark A, Gunnlaugsson A, Beckman L, et al. - Via the open-label, randomized, Scandinavian HYPO-RT-PC phase 3 non-inferiority trial conducted in 12 centers in Sweden and Denmark with 1,200 men up to 75 years of age with intermediate-to-high-risk prostate cancer and a WHO performance status between 0 and 2, researchers intended to exhibit non-inferiority of ultra-hypofractionation vs conventional fractionation. In the ultra-hypofractionation group at the end of radiotherapy, weak evidence of a higher frequency of acute physician-reported Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) grade 2 or worse urinary toxicity was noted. Among the two treatment groups at any point following radiotherapy, no notable variations in grade 2 or worse urinary or bowel late toxicity were seen, other than an increase in urinary toxicity in the ultra-hypofractionation group vs the conventional fractionation group at 1-year follow-up. No variations among groups in frequencies at 5 years of RTOG grade 2 or worse urinary toxicity and bowel toxicity could be ascertained. In conclusion, for intermediate-to-high risk prostate cancer relative to failure-free survival, ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy was non-inferior to conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. With ultra-hypofractionation, early side-effects were more distinct vs conventional fractionation; late toxicity was comparable in both treatment groups. Moreover, for radiotherapy of prostate cancer, the results confirmed the use of ultra-hypofractionation.