Finder M, et al. - Researchers conducted a multicenter cohort study to determine whether children with mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) have worse neurodevelopmental outcomes compared with their healthy peers. Participants in the study included children born or treated at the tertiary centers of Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland, or Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. The sample consisted of 471 children (mean [SD] age at follow-up: 25.6 [5.7] months). According to findings, infants with mild HIE (n = 55) vs controls had lower cognitive composite scores. No significant variation was noted in the mean cognitive composite scores between untreated children (n = 47) with mild HIE and surviving children with moderate HIE (n = 53) treated with therapeutic hypothermia. These findings suggest that cognitive composite scores of children with a history of mild HIE at 2 years of age may be lower than those of a contemporaneous control group and may not differ significantly from those of moderate HIE survivors treated with therapeutic hypothermia.