Alborelli I, Leonards K, Rothschild SI, et al. - In 76 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy, tumor mutational burden (TMB) was retrospectively evaluated in order to assess the predictive power of TMB measured by the Oncomine™ Tumor Mutational Load targeted sequencing assay. In individuals with durable clinical benefit (DCB) vs with no durable benefit, TMB was significantly higher. In contrast with 33% and 29% of individuals with intermediate and low TMB, respectively, about 64% of individuals with high TMB were responders (DCB). Significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and OS was exhibited by TMB-high individuals. While recognizing various subgroups of individuals, combining PD-L1 expression and TMB raised the predictive power. Results demonstrate that in order to stratify individuals for ICI treatment, the Thermo Fisher Scientific panel is an efficient tool. For patient stratification, a combination of biomarkers could maximize the predictive precision. In NSCLC patient samples, this study endure TMB assessment via targeted NGS as a tool to prognosticate response to ICI therapy. For a reliable and cost-efficient evaluation of TMB in a routine diagnostic setting was recommended.