Alborelli I, Leonards K, Rothschild SI, et al. - Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was evaluated retrospectively in 76 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in order to assess the predictive power of TMB measured by the Oncomine™ Tumor Mutational Load targeted sequencing assay. In patients with durable clinical benefit (DCB), TMB was significantly higher vs patients with no durable benefit (NDB). In comparison with 33% and 29% of patients with intermediate and low TMB, respectively, 64% of patients with high TMB were responders. Significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and OS was revealed by TMB-high patients. Combining PD-L1 expression and TMB enhanced the predictive power while identifying various subgroups of patients. To stratify patients for ICI treatment, the TML panel is an efficacious tool. For patient stratification, a combination of biomarkers might maximize predictive precision. TMB assessment through targeted NGS in NSCLC patient samples was supported as a tool to prognosticate response to ICI therapy.