Nehme Z, et al. - Given the increasing survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), researchers sought to determine the long-term trends in survival for patients defibrillated by first responders and bystanders. From the Victorian Ambulance Cardiac Arrest Registry, they assessed data of 10,451 initial shockable arrests; of these, 796 (7.6%) were initially shocked by first responders and 526 (5.0%) by bystanders. In the adjusted analyses, patients initially shocked by first responders and bystanders vs those initially shocked by paramedics had higher likelihood to survive to hospital discharge. Year-on-year, they noted an increase in the odds of survival by 8.1% for patients shocked by paramedics, 6.1% for patients shocked by first responders, and 11.8% for patients shocked by bystanders. Hence indicating the largest improvements in survival over time in correlation to OHCA patients initially defibrillated by bystanders.