Ansah JP, Chiu CT, Wei-Yan AC, et al. - As per available evidence, cognitive impairment (CI), which results in deficits in episodic memory, executive functions, visual attention, and language, is correlated with difficulties in the capacity to perform activities of daily living. In order to forecast the number of older adults in China with cognitive impairment and functional disability while accounting for the impact of cognitive impairment on the onset of functional disability, researchers herein developed and validated a dynamic multi-state population model. This model was set to simulate the population of China and tracked the transition of older Chinese adults, 65 years and older from 2010 to 2060, to and from six health states—(1) active older adult without cognitive impairment (where active is older adults with no ADL limitation), (2) active older adult with cognitive impairment, (3) older adult with 1 to 2 ADL limitations, (4) older adult with cognitive impairment and 1 to 2 ADL limitations, (5) older adult with 3 or more ADL limitations, and (6) older adult with cognitive impairment and 3 or more ADL. As per this evidence based multi-state population forecasting model, there will be a significant increase in the number of older Chinese adults with cognitive and functional impairment by 2060. Population aging and the resulting shift in age distribution among the population have been associated with this expected increase. The significant challenge to be posed by the expected rise in the burden of age-related impairment requires urgent policy development to address both intended and unintended consequences. Overall outcomes indicate that among the older adults with functional disability and cognitive impairment, there will be a rise in demand for intermediate and long-term care services.