Fadel SA, et al. - In this investigation, researchers explored mortality trends due to death causes in India, China, Brazil, and Mexico, home to about 40% of the world's children (aged 5–14 years), with more than 200,000 deaths each year at these ages. Unlike Brazil, China, and Mexico, communicable diseases in children aged 5–14 still account for almost half of deaths in India. In 2016, in almost every category, India had the highest death rates, including from communicable diseases. Transportation injury, drowning and cancer deaths are common in all four countries, with transportation accidents among the top three causes of death for both sexes in all countries, with the exception of Indian girls, and cancer among the top three causes for both sexes in Mexico, Brazil, and China. According to findings, most of the deaths in children aged 5–14 in India, China, Brazil, and Mexico between 2005 and 2016 have been caused by preventable or treatable conditions. This age group is important to extend some of the global disease-specific goals for children under the age of 5. Interventions are also required to control non-communicable diseases and injuries and reinforce the cause of death reporting systems.