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Time-dependent effects of exposure to physical and sexual violence on psychopathology symptoms in late childhood: In search of sensitive periods in development

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Jun 14, 2019

Dunn EC, et al. - Given the known risk associated with exposure to interpersonal violence for psychopathology, researchers investigated if there are sensitive periods when exposure is most deleterious. In Generation R, a population-based prospective birth cohort, they conducted this study (N = 4,580). Observations revealed adverse influence on childhood mental health by interpersonal violence; this was noted regardless of the time of occurrence. However, there were time-dependent effects of violence: greater externalizing symptoms (physical violence and sexual violence) were noted among children first exposed during very early childhood than children exposed at older ages. As per sensitivity analyses, slow emergence of these time-based differences across ages 1.5, 3, 6, and 10 years was noted, conferring a latency between onset of violence exposure and emergence of symptoms; these were unlikely to be explained by co-occurring adversities.
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