Yao Y, et al. - The prevalence of thyroid nodules (TNs) was determined in Chinese centenarians by using high-resolution ultrasound (US) equipment in this current study, which was part of the China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study that was conducted in Hainan, an iodine-sufficient region in People’s Republic of China. The links between TN prevalence and lifestyle characteristics and dietary habits were also determined. A high prevalence of TNs was reported in Chinese centenarians, particularly in women. The presence of TNs was shown to be independently related to betel quid, red meat, and nut consumption, in addition to gender, having hypertension, having diabetes, and being underweight.