Khandelwal P, Bhardwaj S, Singh G, et al. - In this retrospective single-center study, researchers sought to analyze data on therapy and outcome of dense deposit disease (DDD), C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN), and immune-complex MPGN (IC-MPGN) in children. They reviewed kidney biopsies to include patients aged < 18-years with C3 glomerulopathy and IC-MPGN. Prednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil (n = 51), tacrolimus (n = 11), and/or IV cyclophosphamide (n = 20) were involved in the initial immunosuppression. In total, 92 patients were categorized as DDD (n = 48, 52.2%), C3GN (n = 26, 28.3%), and IC-MPGN (n = 18, 19.6%) by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy; 8 patients with DDD were misclassified as IC-MPGN on immunofluorescence. The result was unsatisfactory in patients with C3 glomerulopathy and IC-MPGN, and only a small percentage of patients achieved complete or partial remission. DDD patients were more likely to experience rapidly progressing GN and had a greater risk of adverse effects, including kidney failure.