Nudy M, Jiang X, Aragaki AK, et al. - Researchers investigated if vasomotor symptom (VMS) severity and number of moderate/severe menopausal symptoms (nMS) were linked with health outcomes [hip fracture, colorectal cancer, invasive breast cancer, all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease, stroke, cardiovascular death, and total cardiovascular disease (CVD)]. In addition, they examined whether the risks were modified by calcium and vitamin D (CaD). In the Women's Health Initiative CaD study, a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, a total of 20,050 women (aged 50 to 79 years) were included (median follow-up of 7 y) and 400 IU of 25-hydroxyvitamin-D and 1,000 mg of calcium per day were tested. Findings revealed no correlation of severity of VMS with any outcome. Having ≥ 2 moderate or severe MS was noted to linked with an elevated risk for CVD. They suggest a possible predictive value of the number of moderate/severe MS for higher CVD risk.