Koga R, de Queiroz Herkrath APC, Vettore MV, et al. - Researchers conducted this cross-sectional study to explored the connections between socioeconomic status (family income, parent's schooling, number of goods and household crowding), the pattern of dental visits, self-esteem, oral health beliefs, toothbrushing frequency, oral hygiene effectiveness and gingivitis in low social status adolescents. Participants in the study were 406 (aged 12-year) students recruited in Manaus, Brazil. Through self-completed questionnaires, socioeconomic status, self-esteem, oral health beliefs and frequency of toothbrushing were collected. Data reported that the prevalence of gingivitis was 77.6%. Worse socioeconomic status and poor efficacy of oral hygiene directly anticipated gingival bleeding. Socioeconomic status was also associated with the frequency of toothbrushing. Higher frequency of toothbrushing was anticipated by positive oral health beliefs and higher self-esteem. The latter was directly associated with higher efficacy of oral hygiene. The data presented in this work showed the importance of socioeconomic status and psychosocial factors on gingival status in underprivileged adolescents. The connections between psychosocial factors and gingival status were mediated by poor oral hygiene.