Marant-Micallef C, et al. - Researchers quantified the risk of cancer that could be attributed to diagnostic medical radiation in France in 2015. Using the French Cancer Registries Network, cancer incidence data were analyzed, taking into account exposures from external (X-rays, CT scans, interventional radiology) and internal (nuclear medicine) sources. To estimate the lifetime organ dose exposure, adjusted for changes in the use of such procedures over time, they used 2007 national frequencies of diagnostic examinations by sex and age. Diagnostic ionizing radiation (IR) was responsible for 0.7% of all new cancer cases (0.5% for men and 0.9% for women), accounting for 2,300 cases (940 among men and 1360 among women) among 346,000 estimated new cancer cases in adults in France in 2015. Female breast (n = 560 cases), lung (n = 500 cases) and colon (n = 290 cases) cancers were mainly attributed to medical IR. Overall, a small contribution of medical IR to the cancer burden was seen compared to other risk factors, nonetheless, the benefits largely outweigh the harm. However, dose optimization of and enhanced justification for diagnostic examinations could prevent some of these IR-associated cancer cases.