Elisak M, et al. - In this study, the physicians analyzed the incidence of neural-surface antibodies (NSAbs) and antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in subjects with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). They compared the cohorts of seropositive and seronegative patients concerning clinical and imaging data. They detected antibodies (CASPR2 & GAD) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Uni- or bilateral temporal lobe lesions on MRI were observed in 5 seropositive cases and 3 subjects were non-lesional. All the seropositive cases were affected by TLE of unknown cause. Seropositive participants could not be differentiated from seronegative patients on the basis of clinical, EEG or neuroimaging data. Autoimmune comorbidity and older age at epilepsy onset were the only estimated factors to differentiate seropositive cases from seronegative.