Wang J, Zhan S, Yuan J, et al. - Researchers conducted this retrospective cross‐sectional single‐center study to assess the frequency of both abnormal and likely pathological brain lesions over the past decade and to clarify whether lesions are a common cause of central precocious puberty (CPP) in Chinese boys. From 2011 to 2019, Chinese boys with clinical signs of precocious puberty were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Three hundred ninety-six CPP boys were selected from 2011 to 2019, in which 129 were eligible for the study. Diagnosis of CPP, bone age, weight (kg), height (cm), puberty stage, MRI, and sexual hormones have been analyzed. From 2011 to 2019, the number of CPP boys in China increased. In 83.7% of CPP boys, brain MRI findings were normal. Only 21 (16.3%) CPP boys had abnormal MRI findings such as hamartoma, pineal cyst and other minor changes. Male CPP has been on the rise in China over the last decade, with idiopathic rather than pathogenic brain lesions being the most common cause. Further research into the etiology of CPP with pathological brain lesions is required.