Askenazi DJ, Heagerty PJ, Schmicker RH, et al. - This study was undertaken to determine if extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) randomized to erythropoietin have better or worse kidney-related outcomes during hospitalization and at 22-26 months of corrected gestational age (cGA) compared with those randomized to placebo. Data reported that the prevalence of severe (stage 2 or 3) acute kidney injury (AKI) was 18.2%. No statistically significant difference was observed between those randomized to erythropoietin vs placebo for in-hospital primary (severe AKI) or secondary outcomes (any AKI and serum creatinine/cystatin C values at days 0, 7, 9, and 14). Findings suggested that ELGANs have elevated rates of in-hospital AKI and kidney-related complications at 22-26 months of cGA. Recombinant erythropoietin can protect ELGANs from long-term elevated SBP, but at 22-26 months of cGA, it does not appear to protect against AKI, low eGFR, albuminuria, or elevated DBP.