Rodrigues BC, et al. - From 2011 to 2016, a cohort study with a retrospective and prospective data collection was conducted at the University Hospital of State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to investigate the consequence of various types of lupus nephritis as risk factors for maternal and fetal adverse outcomes among 147 pregnancies. Investigators observed more incidence of recurrent disease flares, constant active disease during pregnancy and puerperium, hospitalization due to systemic lupus erythematosus, hospitalization indirectly linked to systemic lupus erythematosus, increased incidence of cesarean delivery and preeclampsia among systemic lupus erythematosus cases with proliferative nephritis (classes III/IV). They also found a higher incidence of permanent damage (measured by Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index) in classes III/IV. They noticed an inclined frequency of perinatal deaths in cases with all classes of nephritis. But, no alteration in frequency of adverse fetal outcomes like prematurity and admission to neonatal intensive care unit was recorded.