Xiong H, et al. - Researchers evaluated the effectiveness and safety of combined administration of intravenous (IV) and topical tranexamic acid (TXA) in the primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). An association of combined group with lower total blood loss, drainage volume, and maximum hemoglobin drop were indicated by the available evidence. They noted a similar transfusion requirement in both groups. In patients with non-tourniquet, topical TXA dose > 1.5 g and number of IV TXA ≥ 2 doses of TXA, total blood loss was less; as seen on subgroup analyses. The rates of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and PE demonstrated no increase.