Wenzel M, Würnschimmel C, Nocera L, et al. - Secondary prostate cancer (PCa) patients show worse survival, except for testis cancer patients after detailed matching for PCa characteristics. The findings demonstrate that survival disadvantage is attenuated when secondary PCa diagnosis is made after a long time interval, since primary urological cancer diagnosis.

• Researchers distinguished 5,987 patients with primary urological and secondary PCa (bladder, n = 3,287; kidney, n = 2,127; testis, n = 391; upper tract, n = 125; penile, n = 47; urethral, n = 10) vs 531,732 primary PCa patients.

• PCa characteristics between secondary and primary PCa were comparable except for small proportions of Gleason grade group and age at diagnosis.

• It has been reported that proportions of secondary PCa patients who received radical prostatectomy were smaller (29.0 vs. 33.5%), while no local treatment rates were higher (34.2 vs. 26.3%).

• Secondary PCa patients showed worse overall mortality (OM) than primary PCa patients, except for primary testis cancer after 1:4 matching.

• Here, there were no OM differences.

• In this subgroup analysis, results exhibited that the survival disadvantage of secondary PCa patients decreased with longer time intervals since primary cancer diagnosis.