Yin J, Liang P, Chen G, et al. - Researchers examined whether prevention of mother-to-child HBV transmission using tenofovir prophylaxis for mothers with high viral loads in late pregnancy is a cost-effective approach in China. They created a decision tree-Markov model for a cohort of infants born to HBV surface antigen-positive mothers in China, 2016. As per estimates, for 100,000 babies born to mothers positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, tenofovir prophylaxis strategy vs the current active-passive immunoprophylaxis strategy would result in prevention of 2,213 perinatal HBV infections and gain of 931 quality-adjusted life years. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of ￥59,973 ($9,087) was estimated per QALY gained. Findings thereby suggest more cost-effectiveness of tenofovir prophylaxis vs the current active-passive immunoprophylaxis alone for mothers with high viral loads in late pregnancy. They emphasize considering embedding tenofovir prophylaxis for mothers with high virus loads into the present hepatitis B prevention strategies to further check mother-to-child hepatitis B transmission in China.