Francis A, Johnson DW, Melk A, et al. - Researchers focused on overall as well as cause-specific mortality in child and adolescent recipients of kidney transplants in correlation with the transplant era, by analyzing data from the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry. Participants (n = 1,810) included all children and adolescents (aged < 20 years) who underwent their first kidney transplant from 1970 to 2015. They found a rise in the 5-year survival from 85% for those first transplanted in 1970–1985 to 99% in 2005–2015. Those transplanted 2005–2015 vs those transplanted 1970–1985 had a 72% lower mortality risk, after adjusting for potential confounders. Findings revealed a considerable improvement in the survival following pediatric kidney transplantation over the past four decades. This was mainly due to marked decreases in cardiovascular- and infection-associated deaths.