Fu YD, et al. – Structure and function improvement in the central retina by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multifocal electroretinography (mf–ERG) in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR) treatment is assessed in this study. In addition to the improvement in best–corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the reduction in central foveal thickness (CFT), IVR improved macular retinal function, as evaluated by mf–ERG, in diabetic eyes. The combination of OCT and mf–ERG for macular assessment may better evaluate DME.