Deshayes S, Fellahi S, Bastard JP, et al. - Given that AA amyloidosis (AAA) could complicate familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), researchers examined patients with FMF complicated or not by AAA for the gut microbiota composition and inflammatory markers. Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing with the Illumina MiSeq platform, the gut microbiota of 34 patients with FMF without AAA, seven patients with FMF with AAA, 19 patients with AAA of another origin, and 26 controls were analyzed. As per outcomes, fecal microbiota showed specific changes in FMF and AAA groups vs healthy individuals. This infers a possible role of intestinal microorganisms in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Findings thereby infer the utility of techniques for gut microbiota manipulation for these patients.