Maeda D, Matsue Y, Kagiyama N, et al. - Findings demonstrate a negative impact of frailty and sarcopenia in older patients with heart failure from both genders.

• This study involved 1,332 patients aged ≥65 years, who were hospitalized for heart failure; frailty and sarcopenia were present in 53.9% men and 61.0% women and 23.7% men and 14.0% women, respectively.

• Men showed greater prevalence of sarcopenia than women, but there were no gender differences in frailty post-adjustment for age.

• Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significant links of frailty and sarcopenia with 1-year mortality in both genders.

• Cox proportional hazard analysis showed association of frailty with 1-year mortality only in men, post-adjusting for confounding factors (hazard ratio [HR], 1.94 for men; HR, 1.63 for women).

• In both genders, sarcopenia was revealed as an independent prognostic factor (HR, 1.93 for men; HR, 3.18 for women).

• No interactions existed between gender and prognostic impact of frailty/sarcopenia.