Shahi M, Bloechl SJ, Vogel RI, et al. - To identify characteristics that could predict molecular aberrations, 189 thyroid nodules with an indeterminate thyroid cytology diagnosis (atypia of undetermined importance, doubtful for follicular lesion, and suspicious for malignancy) with a sufficient sample submitted for targeted mutation detection by PCR or next-generation sequencing were evaluated by researchers to link cytomorphologic characteristics with the molecular profiles. Sixty-three of the 189 nodules with indeterminate cytology had at least one mutation. Detected in 34 and 13 cases, respectively, RAS and BRAF were the most prevalent mutations. Both cytomorphologic score (CCS) and overall atypia score (OAS) were exceedingly correlated with the presence of all mutations, and in particular, with the presence of BRAF and RAS mutations. In indeterminate thyroid cytology cases, a strong relationship of higher OAS and CCS scores with incidence of BRAF and RAS mutations was exhibited by semi-quantitative evaluation of different cytomorphologic characteristics. The overall number of indeterminate diagnoses could be lowered by using a more objective approach to thyroid cytology, resulting in less repeat procedures and unnecessary surgeries.