Campbell JR, et al. – Given that countries with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence have reported TB persistence in populations born abroad through reactivation of latent TB infection (LTBI) acquired before immigration, researchers investigated if LTBI screening and treatment are beneficial among those with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are at increased risk for reactivation. To inform a cost-effectiveness analysis evaluating LTBI screening in those diagnosed with stage 4 or 5 CKD not requiring dialysis (late-stage CKD) and those who began dialysis therapy, the investigators used health administrative data from British Columbia, Canada. Compared with the tuberculin skin test, screening with interferon-gamma release assay was superior in all situations. It was less expensive and led to better outcomes vs no screening in those initiating dialysis therapy from countries with an elevated TB incidence. Thus, the authors suggested that non–Canadian-born residents initiating dialysis therapy and those with late stage CKD who are older should be considered for LTBI screening.