Hibbs BF, et al. - In this review, researchers analyzed vaccines inappropriately stored outside of recommended temperatures and/or exposed to temperatures outside of manufacturer specifications for inappropriate amounts of time, in order to report to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). No substantial direct health risk was noted when vaccines kept outside of recommended temperatures were administered, however, potential costs and risks were reported which included vaccine wastage, possible decreased protection, and patient and parent inconvenience related to revaccination. Crucial components of comprehensive vaccine cold chain management included maintaining high vigilance, proper staff training, regular equipment maintenance, and having adequate auxiliary power.