Horn L, et al. - Researchers report the final results from the first phase I study of atezolizumab (an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 antibody) in the non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cohort. Atezolizumab 1–20 mg/kg or 1,200 mg intravenously was administered every 3 weeks to patients with NSCLC and baseline PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells was evaluated (VENTANA SP142 immunohistochemistry assay). Using exploratory subgroup analyses, responses by baseline PD-L1 expression and oncogenic mutational status were determined. In pretreated NSCLC, a good tolerability as well as long-term clinical benefits, including durable responses and survival, of single-agent atezolizumab was evident. With increasing baseline PD-L1 expression, improved responses and survival rates were observed.