Ebrahimi R, et al. - Given that music may reduce anxiety and pain perception in patients undergoing invasive cardiac catheterization (ICC), researchers performed this retrospective data analysis to assess the role of music instead of pharmacotherapy for conscious sedation during elective ICC. They analyzed data for patients who underwent ICC and received music therapy +/- intravenous sedation/analgesics (based on patient's preference) vs control patients who were offered and received intravenous sedation/analgesics (based on patient's preference). An attenuation of stress/anxiety levels was experienced by 86% of patients receiving music therapy. Overall, for such a patient populace, music may afford an adjunctive/alternative intervention to pharmacotherapy for relieving anxiety and stress.