Shah S, et al. - In this case series of 5 patients, researchers analyzed the outcome following an autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for multiple myeloma (MM) followed by kidney transplantation between 2006 and 2012. Presentation with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was reported in 4 patients and progression to ESRD shortly after diagnosis in one. The treatments used included induction chemotherapy regimens with novel agents including thalidomide and bortezomib. In patients who achieved very good partial remission or complete remission, high-dose melphalan ASCTs were performed after a median of 10 months. At a median of 27 months after ASCT, kidney transplantation (living donor n = 3, deceased donor n = 2) with tacrolimus-based immunosuppression regimens was completed. Findings revealed a relapse in MM within 2 years of kidney transplantation in 40% of the overall cohort. At 4 years, the observed death-censored graft survival and patient survival were 80%. Overall, kidney transplantation following successful ASCT for MM was supported and was considered useful.