Reekie J, et al. - The risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) associated with Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrhea) infection and subsequent repeat infections in a whole-population cohort was quantified. Compared to chlamydia, gonorrhea infection conferred a substantially higher risk of hospitalization or Emergency Department presentation for PID. Thereby suggesting a serious impact of the emergence of gonorrhea antimicrobial resistance on rates of PID and its associated reproductive health sequelae.