Dawwas GK, et al. - In this retrospective cohort study, researchers used Truven Health Marketscan data to compare the risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalization between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists by using Cox proportional hazards models with propensity-score-matching. Study participants were patients with type 2 diabetes who were newly initiated on DPP-4 inhibitors or GLP-1 agonists. They found that the use of DPP-4 inhibitors vs GLP-1 agonists was related to an attenuated risk of HF hospitalization. However, no statistical significance of this association was observed in patients who had HF prior to the use of DPP-4 inhibitors.