Braeken DCW, et al. – The study aimed to determine the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and community–acquired pneumonia (CAP) by smoking status. The results seemed to suggest that COPD patients have a fourfold increased risk to develop CAP, independent of smoking status. Identification of factors associated with the increased risk of CAP in COPD is warranted, in order to improve the management of patients at risk.