Cirino CM, Chan JJ, Patterson DC, et al. - This study was undertaken to ascertain the incidence and risk factors for the development of heterotopic ossification (HO) in these patients. Researchers designed a retrospective analysis including a total of 170 patients who had undergone operative treatment for a proximal humeral fracture between 2005 and 2016, in a single institution [the mean follow-up was 18.2 months (1.5 to 140)]. They distinguished presence of HO on follow-up radiographs. In this retrospective radiological study, the relationship between the method of surgical treatment for a proximal humeral fracture and the formation of HO postoperatively was evaluated. The results of this study indicates that male gender and dislocation as the initial injury were risk factors for HO formation, whereas the procedure of surgical treatment, the age of the patient, and the pattern of the fracture were not predictive of HO formation. The data can support to distinguish those at an increased risk for HO formation under these circumstances, although additional research is required.