Duch S, Arciniegas-Perasso CA, Piludu S, et al. - Researchers conducted this retrospective case-series observational study to examine risk factors associated with success and failure in double-plate tube surgery for refractory glaucoma. From 1990 to 2015, there were 243 consecutive eyes that underwent anterior-segment double-plate tube surgery. Data reported that preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was 37.3 ± 13.1 mmHg (mean ± SD) with 3.0 ± 0.7 medications. The mean IOP was 14.6 ± 6.3 mmHg with 0.4 ± 1.0 medications after a median follow-up of 44.3 months. Surgical failure was not associated with any risk factors studied. Partial success was associated with preoperative IOP, glaucoma type, previous surgery, prior anti-glaucoma medications, implant type, and hypertensive phase. Findings suggested that tube surgery is effective and appears to be independent of the major risk factors for glaucoma surgery. However, the need for glaucoma medication to reach the target pressure is linked to prior surgery and certain chronic preoperative drugs.