Trajanovska M, et al. - Researchers investigated referral and triage pathways for pediatric patients referred to an Australian hospital with bowel dysfunction (isolated or mixed bowel and bladder). In this retrospective audit, they included patients attending their first clinic appointment from April to June 2014 if they: (i) were a new patient referred for symptoms of constipation, soiling, daytime urinary incontinence or enuresis; and (ii) attended the encopresis, general medicine, continence, gastroenterology, pediatric surgery, urology, renal or Child and Adolescent Mental Health clinic. Among 1,485 new patients attending the targeted clinics, 281 (18.9%) presented with symptoms of bowel and/or bladder dysfunction. Following exclusion of patients aged younger than 3 years (n = 43) and those with isolated bladder dysfunction (n = 130), a referral was made of 56 for isolated bowel dysfunction and 52 for mixed bowel and bladder dysfunction. From referral to the first appointment, the median wait time was 3.8 months. They observed variation in median wait times across symptom groups (isolated bowel, 4.6 months; mixed 3.4 months) and clinics (encopresis, 7.7 months; general medicine, 2.5 months). More attendance to clinic appointments was observed of patients with mixed dysfunction vs those with isolated bowel symptoms. Since pediatric patients with symptoms of bowel and bladder dysfunction have to wait for several months to be seen in a public tertiary referral hospital, they suggest exploring alternative pathways for care, such as community-based primary care, to improve time management.