Zhang X, Gong Y, Corte KD, et al. - Researchers aimed at determining how dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) and fiber intake before and during pregnancy associate with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and glucose homeostasis over the course of pregnancy. They performed Cox proportional hazards analysis and linear mixed effects regressions on data from 9,317 women who had available three food frequency questionnaires (pre-pregnancy, 1st and 2nd trimesters) and biochemical measures during pregnancy. Findings support the effect of dietary GI, GL and fiber intake before and during pregnancy on glucose homeostasis of pregnant Chinese women. Relative to women in the lowest tertile, those in the highest tertile of dietary GI (or GL) before pregnancy, in the 1st, or the 2nd trimester respectively had a 12% (15%), 25% (23%) or 29% (25%) higher risk of developing GDM. GDM risk was lower among women with the highest dietary fiber intake before pregnancy, in the 1st or 2nd trimester. Furthermore, adverse concurrent developments in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA_1C and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance were observed in independent correlation with increases in GI or GL and decreases in fiber intake over the course of pregnancy (1st to 3rd trimesters).