Inoue-Choi M, et al. – Researchers assessed the relationship between changes in cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) and mortality (2004-2011) among 253,947 US participants of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Participants were cigarette smokers who quit, decreased, maintained, or increased their CPD between ages 25 and 29 years and 50 and 59 years. Using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression, they obtained hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. According to findings, the there was a meaningful decrease in mortality risk in relation to reductions in CPD over the lifetime. However, the benefit attributed to cessation was still larger when compared with even large declines in CPD.