de Koning HJ, van der Aalst CM, de Jong PA, et al. - Researchers determined whether volume-based, low-dose CT screening can decrease lung cancer mortality in male former and current smokers. The study sample consisted of ~13,200 men and ~2,600 women aged 50-74 years who were randomized to undergo CT screening (at T0 (baseline), year 1, year 3, and year 5.5) or no screening. The researchers collected data on cancer diagnosis and the date and cause of death via linkages with national registries in the Netherlands and Belgium. A review committee validated lung cancer as the cause of death when possible. Overall, compared with those who underwent no screening, lung-cancer mortality was significantly lower among those who underwent volume CT screening. There were low rates of follow-up procedures for outcomes indicative of lung cancer.