Aspray TJ, et al. - In this study involving 379 English adults aged ≥ 70 years, researchers determined vitamin D supplementation’s effect on bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Study participants had a mean ± SD baseline plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration of 40.0 ± 20.1 nmol/L, and they were randomized to 1 of 3 doses of vitamin D₃ (12,000 IU, 24,000 IU, or 48,000 IU, which was administered once monthly. The primary endpoint was change in BMD (ΔBMD) at the hip; secondary outcomes included dose effects on femoral neck BMD, falls, circulating calciotropic hormones, bone turnover markers, and adverse events. Compared with baseline levels, plasma 25(OH)D levels increased to a mean of 55.9, 64.6, and 79.0 nmol/L after 12 months for participants receiving 12,000 IU, 24,000 IU, or 48,000 IU, respectively. However, the investigators noted a decrease in parathyroid hormone levels across all groups, with a more profound decrease evident in the 48,000-IU group vs the 12,000-IU group. There were no differences in any adverse events between the three groups. Overall, BMD changes did not differ between groups over 12 months, suggesting no impact of the intervention or a similar attenuation of the anticipated decrease in BMD.