Psychiatric morbidity and suicidal behaviour in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
PLoS Medicine Oct 17, 2019
Knipe D, Williams AJ, Hannam-Swain S, et al. - Via a systematic review and meta-analysis, researchers estimated the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in people with suicidal behaviour in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). They identified relevant quantitative research papers (any language) from PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE, and produced pooled estimates for any psychiatric disorder and specific diagnosis based on International classification of disease criteria, using meta-analytic techniques. They found 112 studies (154 papers) from 26 LMIC, including 18 non-English articles. A likely lower prevalence of psychiatric disorders in suicidal behaviour in LMIC was suggested. Mood disorder was identified as the most prevalent disorder in both fatal and nonfatal suicidal behaviour. Among those who died by suicide and those who engaged in nonfatal suicidal behaviour, 8% and 7%, respectively, were found to have schizophrenia and associated disorders. In nonfatal suicidal behaviour, 19% and 11% of people, respectively, had anxiety disorders and substance misuse. Varying study methods or real differences could be indicated by the observed high levels of heterogeneity in pooled estimates of psychiatric disorder. Very few high-quality studies were found.
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