Cohee LM, Opondo C, Clarke SE, et al. - In this systematic review and two meta-analyses, researchers ascertained if preventive treatment of malaria might be an effective means of reducing Plasmodium falciparum infection and anaemia in school-aged children and lowering parasite transmission. The online databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched for intervention studies published between January 1, 1990, and December 14, 2018. Out of 628 studies reported, 13 were qualified for the study-level meta-analysis (n = 16,309). In school-aged children, preventive treatment of malaria significantly reduces the prevalence of P falciparum, anaemia, and risk of subsequent clinical malaria across transmission settings. To protect this age group and advance the objective of malaria elimination, policymakers and program managers should consider preventive treatment of malaria when weighing these benefits against the possible risks of chemoprevention.